Most of the sinking areas in London have subsided by an average of less than 1cm per year between 2014 and 2020, according to the NTU study.
However, significant subsidence happened in a few locations, such as South Upminster, which sank by an average of 4cm per year. This compares to a rise in global average sea levels of 0.59cm in 2024, according to Nasa-led analysis.
The BBC estimates that about 418,000 people live in areas that sank by an average of more than 1cm per year.
The subsidence, which has caused uneven ground surfaces, is linked to various factors including groundwater pumping, dense loading from infrastructure and clay-rich soil, according to experts.
They say that this, combined with the effects of climate change, means the city is facing the risk of severe and prolonged flooding in future.
To mitigate, London has built flood defences and restricted groundwater extraction in areas approaching their sustainable limits.
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