Cairns (/ˈkɛərnz/, locally /ˈkænz/ (About this soundlisten)) [note 1] is a city in Queensland, Australia,[7] on the east coast of Far North Queensland. The city is the 5th-most-populous in Queensland, and 14th in Australia.
Cairns was founded in 1876 and named after Sir William Wellington Cairns, the Governor of Queensland from 1875 to 1877.[8] It was formed to serve miners heading for the Hodgkinson River goldfield, but declined when an easier route was discovered from Port Douglas. It later developed into a railhead and major port for exporting sugar cane, gold, minerals and agricultural products from surrounding coastal areas and the Atherton Tableland.
The population in 2018 was 152,729,[1] having grown on average 1.1% annually in the preceding five years.[1][9][10] Cairns is a popular tourist destination because of its tropical climate and access to tropical rainforest and the Great Barrier Reef, one of the seven natural wonders of the world.